Timeline of the Türgesh

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This is a timeline of the Türgesh.

7th century[edit]

Year Date Event
699 Üch Elig establishes the Turgesh Khaganate[1]

8th century[edit]

Year Date Event
703 The Turgesh captured Suyab from the Tang dynasty[2]
706 Üch Elig is succeeded by his son Saqal[3]
708 Üch Elig's successor Saqal attacks Qiuci (Kucha)[1]
709 Saqal inflicts a defeat on the Tang dynasty[4]
711 Battle of Bolchu: Qapaghan Qaghan of the Second Turkic Khaganate defeats Saqal and kills him, forcing the Turgesh to flee south to Zhetysu[5]
717 Battle of Aksu: Saqal's successor Suluk leads Arabs, Tibetans, and Turgesh against the Tang in Aksu and is defeated[6]
719 Suluk captures Suiye (Suyab)[5]
720 Suluk inflicts a defeat on the Umayyad Caliphate[7]
722 Suluk concludes a marriage alliance with the Tang dynasty and gains Princess Jiaohe[7]
724 Day of Thirst: Suluk inflicts a defeat on the Umayyad Caliphate[8]
726 Suluk attacks Qiuci (Kucha)[5]
727 Suluk and the Tibetan Empire attack Qiuci (Kucha)[5]
728 Suluk aids the Sogdians in revolt against the Umayyad Caliphate[8]
731 Battle of the Defile: Suluk attacks the Umayyad Caliphate[9]
735 Suluk attacks Ting Prefecture (Jimsar County)[10]
737 Battle of Kharistan: Suluk is defeated by the Umayyad Caliphate and killed by his relative Kül-chor[5]
740 Kül-chor submits to the Tang dynasty but later rebels anyway[5][7]
744 Kül-chor is defeated by the Tang dynasty and executed[11]
748 The Tang dynasty recaptures Suyab and destroys it[12]
750 The Turgesh-Chach alliance is defeated by the Tang dynasty[11]
766 The Karluks annex Turgesh land in Zhetysu[13]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b Bregel 2003, p. 16.
  2. ^ Wang 2013, p. 158.
  3. ^ Yu. Zuev, "Early Türks: Essays on history and ideology", Almaty, Daik-Press, 2002, p. 207, 209, 239, ISBN 9985-4-4152-9
  4. ^ Golden 1992, p. 139.
  5. ^ a b c d e f Bregel 2003, p. 18.
  6. ^ Beckwith 1987, p. 88-89.
  7. ^ a b c Golden 1992, p. 140.
  8. ^ a b Asimov 1998, p. 25.
  9. ^ Shaban 1979, p. 113.
  10. ^ Bregel 2003, p. 19.
  11. ^ a b Golden 1992, p. 141.
  12. ^ Asimov 1998, p. 31.
  13. ^ Asimov 1998, p. 33.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Asimov, M.S. (1998), History of civilizations of Central Asia Volume IV The age of achievement: A.D. 750 to the end of the fifteenth century Part One The historical, social and economic setting, UNESCO Publishing
  • Barfield, Thomas (1989), The Perilous Frontier: Nomadic Empires and China, Basil Blackwell
  • Beckwith, Christopher I (1987), The Tibetan Empire in Central Asia: A History of the Struggle for Great Power among Tibetans, Turks, Arabs, and Chinese during the Early Middle Ages, Princeton University Press
  • Bregel, Yuri (2003), An Historical Atlas of Central Asia, Brill
  • Golden, Peter B. (1992), An Introduction to the History of the Turkic Peoples: Ethnogenesis and State-Formation in Medieval and Early Modern Eurasia and the Middle East, OTTO HARRASSOWITZ · WIESBADEN
  • Millward, James (2009), Eurasian Crossroads: A History of Xinjiang, Columbia University Press
  • Shaban, M. A. (1979), The ʿAbbāsid Revolution, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-29534-3
  • Wang, Zhenping (2013), Tang China in Multi-Polar Asia: A History of Diplomacy and War, University of Hawaii Press
  • Xiong, Victor (2008), Historical Dictionary of Medieval China, United States of America: Scarecrow Press, Inc., ISBN 978-0810860537
  • Xue, Zongzheng (薛宗正). (1992). Turkic peoples (突厥史). Beijing: 中国社会科学出版社. ISBN 978-7-5004-0432-3; OCLC 28622013
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