List of proposed Solar System spacecraft

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This is a list of proposed spacecraft that are planned to focus on the exploration of the Solar System, ordered by date of spacecraft launch.

Planned or scheduled[edit]

Mission name Launch date Description Ref(s)
United States Blue Ghost M1 Q3 2024 Lunar lander [1][2]
Japan France Germany MMX September 2024 Martian moon sample return mission [3][4][5]
United States Europa Clipper 10 October 2024 Jupiter orbiter, Europa multiple flyby [6][7][8]
European Union Hera October 2024 Asteroid 65803 Didymos rendezvous [9]
United States VIPER November 2024 Lunar rover [10][11][12]
United States Rocket Lab Venus Probe 30 December 2024 Venus atmospheric probe [13]
Japan DESTINY+ 2024 Asteroid 3200 Phaethon flyby [14][15]
Japan Tera-hertz Explorer 2025 Mars orbiter and lander [16][17]
China Tianwen-2 May 2025 Asteroid 469219 Kamoʻoalewa sample return, comet 311P/PanSTARRS orbiter [18]
United States Artemis II September 2025 4-person lunar flyby [19][20]
United States Artemis III September 2026 4-person lunar flyby, 2-person lunar landing [19][21]
China Chang'e 7 2026 Lunar south pole lander, rover and flying probe [22]
Russia Luna 26 2027 Lunar orbiter [23]
United States Dragonfly July 2028 Titan rotorcraft lander [24][25]
Russia Luna 27 2028 Lunar lander [23]
China Tianwen-3 2028 Mars sample return mission [26]
United States DAVINCI June 2029 Venus orbiter and atmospheric probe [27]
China Tianwen-4 September 2029 Jupiter and Callisto Orbiter, Uranus flyby [28][29]
European Union Japan Comet Interceptor 2029 Flyby of an Oort Cloud comet [30][31][32]
United States VERITAS 2029 Venus orbiter [27]
Russia Luna 28 2030 Lunar sample return mission [33]

Long-term proposals[edit]

Mission name Preliminary launch date estimate Description Ref(s)
Estimated launch date Estimate by Estimate as of
Japan Hakuto-R Mission 2 2024 ispace 2019 Private lunar lander and rover [34]
India Shukrayaan-1 2024 SpaceNews 2020 Venus orbiter [35]
India Mars Orbiter Mission 2 2024 Business Standard 2019 Mars orbiter [36]
United States Europa Lander 2025 SpaceNews 2019 Europa lander [37][38]
Russia Orel spacecraft 2026 RIA Novosti 2018 Uncrewed lunar orbit [39][40]
United States European Union NASA-ESA Mars Sample Return 2026 The Space Review 2020 Mars sample return mission [41]
European Union ExoMars 2028 European Space Agency 2022 Rosalind Franklin, Mars rover [42][43][44]
Russia Venera-D 2029 Russian Space Research Institute 2021 Venus orbiter and lander [45]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Alamalhoadei, Aria (6 November 2023). "Firefly's Blue Ghost lander represents a big bet on a future lunar economy". TechCrunch. Retrieved 6 November 2023.
  2. ^ "Firefly Completes Integration Readiness Review of its Blue Ghost Lunar Lander". Firefly Aerospace. 26 April 2022. Archived from the original on 1 May 2022. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
  3. ^ "Martian Moons eXploration (MMX)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  4. ^ Yamakawa, Hiroshi; Le Gall, Jean-Yves; Ehrenfreund, Pascale; Dittus, Hansjörg (October 3, 2018). "Joint Statement with Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES) and German Aerospace Center (DLR) regarding Martian Moons eXploration" (PDF) (Press release). JAXA. Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  5. ^ "Mission Overview・Mission Flow". MMX - Martian Moons eXploration. Archived from the original on 2019-04-15. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
  6. ^ "Europa Clipper". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-08-23.
  7. ^ Foust, Jeff (10 February 2021). "NASA to use commercial launch vehicle for Europa Clipper". SpaceNews. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  8. ^ "Cost growth prompts changes to Europa Clipper instruments". SpaceNews. 2020-07-10. Retrieved 2020-11-21. Chodas said that Europa Clipper now has a launch readiness date of 2024, a year later than plans announced last year.
  9. ^ "Industry starts work on Europe's Hera planetary defence mission". ESA. 15 September 2020. Retrieved 14 May 2021.
  10. ^ "Volatiles Investigating Polar Exploration Rover (VIPER)". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
  11. ^ Loff, Sarah (2019-10-23). "New VIPER Lunar Rover to Map Water Ice on the Moon". NASA. Retrieved 2019-10-28.
  12. ^ Colaprete, Anthony (17 August 2020). "VIPER: A lunar water reconnaissance mission" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 25 August 2020.
  13. ^ Foust, Jeff (31 October 2023). "Rocket Lab plans launch of Venus mission as soon as late 2024". SpaceNews.com. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
  14. ^ Kuninaka, Hitoshi (19 May 2020). "宇宙科学ミッション打上げ計画について" (PDF). JAXA (in Japanese). Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  15. ^ "DESTINY+: Deep Space Exploration Technology Demonstrator and Explorer to Asteroid 3200 Phaethon" (PDF). 2017-08-15. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-09-14. Retrieved 2019-06-25.
  16. ^ Takeshi Kuroda, Yasuko Kasai, Shinichi Nakasuka, Hiroyuki Maezawa, Takayoshi Yamada, Ryohei Takahashi: TEREX-1: A micro-satellite terahertz lander for the exploration of water/oxygen resources on Mars. 43rd COSPAR Scientific Assembly, Abstract B0.5-0006-21 (oral), id.223, January 2021.
  17. ^ Kasai, Yasuko (13 June 2018). "Tera-hertz Explorer, TEREX, Mission" (PDF). University of Tsukuba. NICT. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 November 2018. Retrieved 24 June 2019.
  18. ^ Jones, Andrew (2022-05-18). "China to launch Tianwen 2 asteroid-sampling mission in 2025". Space.com. Retrieved 2022-07-31.
  19. ^ a b Tingley, Brett (9 January 2024). "Astronauts won't walk on the moon until 2026 after NASA delays next 2 Artemis missions". Space.com. Retrieved 9 January 2024.
  20. ^ "NASA's Artemis 2 mission set for November 2024". Phys.org. Agence France-Presse. 7 March 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.
  21. ^ "Artemis III Launch - NASA". Retrieved 2023-12-01.
  22. ^ Jones, Andrew (5 August 2020). "China is moving ahead with lunar south pole and near-Earth asteroid missions". SpaceNews. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  23. ^ a b "Ученый сообщил об активном ходе работ по импортозамещению комплектующих "Луны-27"" [The scientist reported on the active progress of work on import substitution of Luna-27 components]. TASS (in Russian). 19 July 2023. Retrieved 27 July 2023.
  24. ^ "Dragonfly". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  25. ^ "NASA New Frontiers 5: Third Community Announcement". NASA Science Mission Directorate. 2021-05-12. Retrieved 2021-05-14. The launch date for Dragonfly, the fourth mission in the New Frontiers Program, has been delayed to June 2027.
  26. ^ Jones, Andrew (2022-06-20). "China aims to bring Mars samples to Earth 2 years before NASA, ESA mission". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  27. ^ a b "NASA Selects 2 Missions to Study 'Lost Habitable' World of Venus - NASA". Retrieved 2023-11-30.
  28. ^ CNSA Watcher [@CNSAWatcher] (December 23, 2023). "Tianwen-4, launching Sept 2029, will journey to Jupiter using Venus & Earth gravity assists. Targeting Jupiter capture by Dec 2035 & a Uranus flyby in March 2045, the mission includes 2 probes, one exploring Jupiter's system and another flying by Uranus" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  29. ^ Andrew Jones published (2022-09-22). "China wants to probe Uranus and Jupiter with 2 spacecraft on one rocket". Space.com. Retrieved 2022-09-28.
  30. ^ "Ariel moves from blueprint to reality". ESA. 12 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  31. ^ "ESA's new mission to intercept a comet". www.esa.int. Retrieved 2020-01-06.
  32. ^ "Comet Interceptor". www.cometinterceptor.space. Retrieved 2020-01-06.
  33. ^ @katlinegrey (August 11, 2023). "Yuri Borisov: Roscosmos plans to launch #Luna26 in 2027, Luna-27 - in 2028, and Luna-28 - in 2030 or later. After that, the next goal will be a crewed mission to the Moon" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  34. ^ "ispace alters Moon mission timelines for greater response to customer needs". NASASpaceFlight.com. 23 August 2019.
  35. ^ Mehta, Jatan (2020-11-19). "India's Shukrayaan orbiter to study Venus for over four years, launches in 2024". SpaceNews. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  36. ^ "What is Mars Orbiter Mission or Mangalyaan". Business Standard India. Retrieved 2019-10-26. ISRO now plans to develop and launch a follow-up mission called Mars Orbiter Mission 2 (MOM-2 or Mangalyaan-2) in 2024.
  37. ^ "In Depth | Europa Lander". NASA Solar System Exploration. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  38. ^ "Final fiscal year 2019 budget bill secures $21.5 billion for NASA". SpaceNews.com. 2019-02-17. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  39. ^ ""Федерация" без экипажа сможет облететь Луну в 2026 году". РИА Новости (in Russian). 2018-12-07. Российский корабль "Федерация" без экипажа на борту впервые может облететь Луну в 2026 году [The Russian Federation spaceship without a crew on board may first fly around the moon in 2026]
  40. ^ "Russia plans to land humans on the Moon in 2031". SpaceFlight Insider. 20 November 2016.
  41. ^ "The Space Review: Taking on the challenge of Mars sample return". www.thespacereview.com. 2020-04-27. Retrieved 2020-05-24.
  42. ^ "ExoMars 2022". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. Retrieved 2020-11-21.
  43. ^ "ExoMars Mission (2022)". exploration.esa.int. Retrieved 2020-04-07.
  44. ^ "ExoMars official says launch unlikely before 2028". SpaceNews. 2022-05-03. Retrieved 2022-08-04.
  45. ^ Zak, Anatoly (5 March 2021). "New promise for the Venera-D project". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 7 March 2021.
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