English: Conularia gratiosa Miller & Gurley, 1894 - fossil conulariids from the Mississippian of Indiana, USA. (public display, Geology Department, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio, USA)

Conulariids are an uncommon to rare, extinct group of fossil organisms known from the Cambrian to the Triassic. They are most common in Mississippian sedimentary rocks. Their form is best described as "four-sided ice cream cones with ridges". They have a four-sided, tapering skeleton having tetrameral radial symmetry. The skeleton is somewhat flexible, often has a brownish color, and is composed of chitionphosphate (a mixture of chitin and calcium phosphate). Some paleontologists conclude it is an extinct group of cnidarians, or even a group of scyphozoan cnidarians. Others refer to conulariids as an extinct phylum. Available evidence indicates they are triploblastic, and so are not cnidarians at all, which are diploblastic.

Very rare soft-part preservation shows the presence of an alimentary canal, with the pointed end of the skeleton oriented downward and attached to a sheath.

Classification: Animalia incertae sedis, Conulata, Conulariida

Stratigraphy: Salem Limestone, Middle Mississippian

Locality: unrecorded/undisclosed site at or near Spergen Hill (apparently referring to a railroad cut just south of the town of Harristown - the type locality of the Salem Limestone), eastern Washington County, southern Indiana, USA